PAC

● Product Review

1. Until PAC’s Formation

SamWoo’s PAC uses bauxite as a raw material, manufactured in accordance with the BAYER Law. Bauxite is a basic inorganic macro-molecular flocculation agent formed from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with pure aluminum hydroxide.

SamWoo’s PAC division develops its people’s manufacturing skills and manufactures products with a wide range of flexibility and economic efficiency to meet each demand. The company’s PAC is also an excellent product with a high degree of purity and that undergoes a strict manufacturing process.

2. Composition and Structure

PAC is expressed as [(Al₂(OH)nCl₆-n)m], in which n: 1≦n≦5 and m: m≦10 and the basicity of which is n/6x100%, In an aqueous solution, It become a coordination compound with [Al(H₂O)₆], and become a polynuclear compound using OH as a bridge. As its nucleus gets larger, it forms a gigantic inorganic macromolecular compound.

● Products Standard

● Distinctive

1.Very rapid agglutination and precipitation of FLOC

As the aluminum in PAC forms solubly active polynuclear ions due to its intermediate condensation reaction form the start, the time in which FLOC forms and precipitates is very rapid, and its adsorption characteristic is very strong. It forms a very large FLOC and demonstrates very strong adsorption characteristics. Therefore, the time for its stirring, blending, stopping and precipitating is greatly reduced.

2. Extensive pH range of agglutination

As the FLOC’s appropriate pH range of agglutination is about 4 times more extensive than that of aluminum sulfur, it is possible to use in the 5~9pH range under normal conditions. Its pH effect on the water to be treated is very little. Moreover, fear due to pouring an excess amount is unnecessary as its adaptability to emergencies such as typhoons and localized heavy rains is significant.

3. Efficacy in water treatment with low alkali winter

As its agglutination ability does not drop in water with low alkali in winter, no additional precipitation agent is needed in water treatment of cold areas.

4.Non-necessity/reduced need for preparation of alkali and accelerating agent for agglutination

Since PAC is basic, alkali reduction and pH drop after its addition are not significant. Therefore, the need to prepare is significantly reduced or is usually even unnecessary. Therefore, the efficacy of a single treatment with PAC is excellent, compared to using aluminum sulfate jointly with an agglutination-accelerating agent such as active silicate and bentonite.

5. Restoration of original scent and color

PAC is very effective in treating sewages containing large amount of mineral and organic substances compared to aluminum sulfate.

6. Reduction of agglutination treatment costs

Sine PAC is an effective inorganic macromolecular agglutinating agent, up to 1/1.5~1/2 can be saved with it than by using aluminum sulfate. It is also cost-effective, since no alkali agent and agglutinating agent is necessary. Especially, it has superior economic efficacy because it reduces the costs of transport and water treatment and increase the efficacy and satety of the agglutination treatment.

7. Simplification of operation and rationality of equipment

With PAC, the acceptable limits for the appropriate infusion amount and flexibility for change in the quality of water are generous. PAC increase treatment efficacy and safety and therefore simplifies the operation and rationally of equipment.

8. De-fluoridation

FT-1700 contains an additional de-fluoridating agent and is manufactured for superior treatment of elements containing fluorine.

9. High purity and good quality

It has a high degree of purity and good quality compared with heavy mercury and arsenical.

● Storage and Precautions

1. The pipe laying of the injection pump in the storage tank should be made of synthetic resin or of a material that is resistant to corrosion.

2. It is best to add original PAC. If it is necessary to dilute it, greater than 50% or less than 5% of it should be used in conjunction with the diluted solution. The diluting solution can be easily degraded.

3. Be careful not to mix it with other chemical agent. It can form an insoluble white precipitation that could reduce its efficacy and close its pipe laying. If you are going to use an aluminum sulfate tank, rinse your hands thoroughly afterwards.

4. The appropriate amount of PAC infusion varies according to the quality of water and should thus be decided on after a self-test.

● JAR Test Method

- after collecting 1,000ml of the trial liquid in a 1,000ml beaker, shake it at 100~120 RPM, and add a small amount of PAC rapidly using a mess pipette. shake the mixture rapidly for 1-2 minutes.

when FLOC grows after shaking is slowed to 50-60 RPM for 10 minutes, stop shaking, At this moment, investigate the size and sedimentation state of the FLOC, and measure its pH and residue turbidity using 100ml of the upper layer.

Do not forget to adjust the turbidity, the pH and the alkalinity before adding the PAC.

● Safety

1. PAC is not a dangerous element.

2. It is a very weak base, similar to aluminum sulfate.

3. When it comes in contact with your eye, wash your eyes thoroughly with water.

4. Visit a specialist if it stimulates your eye's mucous layer.

5. If it stains your skin or clothing, wash the latter thoroughly with water.

● Usage

1. Treatment of supply water and sewage water

2. Treatment of general industrial waster supplies

- boiler water, ground water purification, pre-treatment before purifying processing

3. Treatment of metropolitan sewage

4. Treatment of factory waster water

- die plant, steel plant, paper mills, brewing, plating, and other chemical processing plants

5. As a coagulator and precipitant in manufacturing processes

- coagulation of kaolin in ceramic plants, precipitation of concentrates in ore dressing, coagulation of fine particles in pigment industry

6. As a bactericidal coagulation agent for urination sites treatment

7. Other special usages

- anti-dust agent, leather softeners, die making